2019

Combustion products diffusion in polymeric heatinsulating materials in fire

A.A. Kuzmin, Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences, Docent; N.N. Romanov, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; A.A. Permyakov, Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences
Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia

We investigated factors affecting the combustion products diffusion processes intensity in polymeric heat-insulating materials under fire conditions.

We disclosed the content of activation and fluctuation approaches to the description of combustion products diffusion process in polymeric materials. We identified the effect of polymeric materials vitrification process on diffusion processes intensity. We analyzed interaction mechanisms of combustion products with polymeric materials.

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The dangerous fire factors Formation on objects of an oil and gas complex when using the combustible environment based on tetrachlormethane

A.V. Kalach2, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate in Chemical Sciences, Full professor; E.V. Kalach2, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent, A.M. Cherepahin1
1Federal state-funded educational institution of the higher education “Voronezh state technical university” (VSTU)
2The Voronezh Institute – the affiliate of Ivanovo fire and Rescue Academy of State Firefighting Service of EMERCOM of Russia

Questions of improvement of a method of calculation of fire hazard of the gas mixtures based on tetrachlormethane addressing on objects of an oil and gas complex are considered. Authors installed the mechanism of formation of dangerous factors of the fire when using of the mixed combustible environment on objects of an oil and gas complex, expressions are found and approximation of fire hazard (with an accuracy evenly best of all than 1.5%) by means of elementary functions is executed.

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The vitrification of radioactive materials by using microwave energy

A.V. Vasilyev, Ph. D. of Engineering Sciences; A.N. Lagunov, Ph. D. of Pedagogic Sciences
FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The problems of handling and disposal of radioactive waste (RW) accumulated over decades of weapons-grade plutonium production in the USSR are described in the article. The disadvantages of the current facility for RW vitrification in the ceramic melter EP-500 at the “Mayak” (Chelyabinsk region) are noted. The advantages of microwave energy as a heat source are listed. The current state of the use of RW conditioning technology using microwave energy in different countries of the world is analyzed. The developed technological parameters of the semi-industrial microwave unit presented by a team of employees of the Mining and chemical combine (Zheleznogorsk) and a number of Russian research laboratories for RW vitrification of the sludge stored in the MCC tanks.

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Impact of factors contributing to the death and injury of people in fires on the effects of fires in cities and rural areas

V.V. Kharin; E.V. Bobrinev, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher; E.Yu. Udavtsova, Candidate of Technical Sciences; A.A. Kondashov, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

The results of the analysis of the influence of a number of factors contributing to the death and injury of people in fires, in order to assess their impact on the consequences of fires in cities and rural areas Analyzed the dependence of death and injury of people in fires from the time of arrival of the first fire Department to the A comparison of the number of deaths and injuries in fires in 2016-2018 in cities with similar data in rural areas. The influence of the physiological state of people on the consequences of fires is considered. The main factors that increase the risk of death and injury in fires are identified. Ways to reduce the risk of death in fires are discussed.

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Determination of losses’ size owing to radiation from products of combustion in the narrow channel

A. Minkin1,2, Doctorate of Engineering., docent; A. Krehov1, Postgraduate student; S. Klochkov1, Doctorate of Physics and Mathematics, docent
1FSAEI HE Siberian Federal University
2FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article presents a method of explosion protection of drying installations of dispersed materials, which consists in using equipment capable of withstanding the full explosion pressure of a combustible mixture. It discloses a method for reducing the maximum pressure of an explosion by reducing the size of drying units is considered. The process of extinguishing the flame in narrow channels. The article considers in detail the conditions for the exchange of radiation energy between bodies and the estimation of heat loss by radiative flame exchange in a closed volume. It also obtains an expression for determining the pressure of an explosion in a closed volume with allowance for heat losses.

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Heat flow control sensor usage for the explosive concentration of the gas-air mixture formation detection at low temperatures

A. Krehov1, Postgraduate student; Y. Bezborodov1, Senior Doctorate of Engineering, full professor; S. Klochkov1, Doctorate of Physics and Mathematics, docent; A. Minkin1,2, Doctorate of Engineering
1FSAEI HE Siberian Federal University
2FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article discusses the mathematical and computer models of heat flow control sensor application to the explosive concentration of the gas-air mixture.

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Heat flow control sensor usage for the explosive concentration of the gas-air mixture formation detection at low temperatures

A. Krehov1, Postgraduate student; Y. Bezborodov1, Senior Doctorate of Engineering, full professor; S. Klochkov1, Doctorate of Physics and Mathematics, docent; A. Minkin1,2, Doctorate of Engineering
1FSAEI HE Siberian Federal University
2FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article discusses the mathematical and computer models of heat flow control sensor application to the explosive concentration of the gas-air mixture.

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The position and width of the working layer of the chemical adsorbent of carbon dioxide in isolating respirators and self-rescuers with the jump of the diameter of the oxygen-containing granules of the product

S.G. Ekhilewskiy, doctor of technical Sciences, associate Professor
Polotsk state University, Republic of Belarus

Expressions for the asymptotics of the mathematical expectation and standard deviation of the coordinate of the elementary act of chemisorption of carbon dioxide in the regenerative cartridge of the insulating breathing apparatus with a circular circuit of the airway in the presence of a jump in the diameter of the granules of the oxygen-containing product are obtained. Increasing the diameter of the granules at the beginning of the regenerative cartridge prevents them from sintering under the action of exothermic heat. A decrease in the diameter of the granules at the end of the cartridge – increases the rate of chemisorption and reduces the dead layer of sorbent. Both increase the efficiency of the protective resource of the device. It is shown that in cartridges with two or more kilograms of oxygen-containing product, even in the presence of a jump in the diameter of the granules, the normal distribution of the carbon dioxide slip has time to form. This allowed us to write a simple equation to determine the increased duration of the protective action of such devices.

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Selection of parameters for dynamic radiation monitoring of territories

I.Y. Sergeev, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences
FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article provides the calculated ratios to determine the main parameters of the dynamic radiation monitoring of territories. The obtained ratios take into account the actual control conditions: the power of the radioactive source to be detected, the geometric parameters of the control zone, the control speed, the background radiation level, and the duration of the averaging interval of the detector signal. The conditions for achieving the maximum values of the width of the control zone and performance are determined. Recommendations for choosing a rational speed of control are given.

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Using the R programming language for fire safety issues: Principal component analysis

E.N. Materov, Ph.D. of Physico-mathematical Sciences
FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article describes the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied to the analysis of data on fires in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, as well as the possibility of implementing this method in the R programming language. The stages of implementation are illustrated with a specific example of these fires in motor vehicles.

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