№ 17

2020

Prevention of sports injuries among cadets of the ural institute of the state fire service of the EMERCOM of Russia

V.V. Basharov1; V.V. Verkhoturov2, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Biological Sciences, Full Professor
1Ural Institute of the State Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia
2Irkutsk national research technical university

The article deals with the analysis of injuries of cadets of the Ural Institute of the state fire service of the Ministry of emergency situations of Russia. The main causes and circumstances leading to sports injuries are considered, and the nature and severity of the injuries are indicated. The author discusses the competence approach to conducting physical culture and sports classes among the Institute’s cadets. A causal model is constructed that allows us to offer a set of preventive measures aimed at reducing sports injuries among cadets. Special attention is paid to quality management conducting classes and monitoring compliance with preventive measures

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Structural components of the organization of effective activities of student rescue teams to prevent drowning among schoolchildren on the example of the project «Water, ice and safety rules»

O.E. Mel’nik1 , Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences; E.A. Murashkevich1 ; A.A.Nazarov2
1FSBEE HE Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia
2FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article presents the structural components of the organization of student rescue teams to prevent drowning among schoolchildren: a set of didactic support tools; a universal algorithm for conducting a training quest; an «alarm case» for a preventive training event; targeted multi-stage practice-oriented training of volunteers. The effectiveness of preventive work of volunteers is shown by the example of the social project «Water, ice and safety rules».

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Multichannel technique for processing signals from detectors of detection systems for radioactive sources in moving vehicles

I.Y. Sergeev1, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; N.P. Valuev2, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Engineering Sciences; P.M. Yudanov2, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences
1FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia
2FSBМEI HE Academy of Civil Protection of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia

A multichannel technique for detecting detector signals with different signal averaging intervals for each channel is described. The technique improves the reliability of detection of radioactive sources located at different depths of a moving vehicle with inconsistent speed in the control zone by optimizing the size of the averaging interval of signals of various durations.

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Development of the classification scale of forest fires

S.G. Aksenov, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Economic Sciences, Full Professor; E.S. Nasyrova, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; M.A. Leonteva; A.V. Fazylova
Ufa State Aviation Technical University

In the work forest fires and their classifications are analyzed. Researchers in their works offer various classifications for ground, crown and underground fires. All fires, regardless of their type, are united by one parameter – fire area. The analysis of the literature showed that there is no accurate classification of forest fires of catastrophic class (area of 1000-10000 ha). The classification of forest fires according to the area covered by the fire was developed by method of classification scales construction. The proposed classification includes five main classes of forest fires, each of which is divided into subclasses. In accordance with the developed classification, fires in the Republic of Bashkortostan in September 2018 were analyzed. The developed classification is applied in practice, for example, in land restoration after fires.

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Parametric method for determining an integrated indicator of protection from anthropogenic emergency in ZATO territory

A.A.Nazarov1; A.V.Rybakov2, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Engineering Sciences, Full Professor; N.V. Martinovich1
1FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia
2FSBMEE HE Civil Defence Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article is devoted to a general description of the method for determining a comprehensive indicator of the protection of the territory of ZATO from possible technological emergencies. It is proposed to determine the indicator based on a study of the system of protecting the population and territory from technological risks, based on a quantitative expression of the studied properties of the system and the establishment of relationships between the parameters of the elements of the subsystems. This approach allows based on actual data to determine the form of dependencies of interrelated parameters, their quantitative expression. The description of the state of the system is proposed to be carried out using the methods of the theory of fuzzy sets and the implementation of the feasibility theory of the described logical function, as well as representing the value of the weight indicator of the element as a vector in five-dimensional Euclidean space with an orthonormal basis.

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Ensuring the safety of processing of metallurgical rasourcew materials and waste containing radioactive source

I.Y. Sergeev1, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; N.P. Valuev2, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Engineering Sciences; O.V. Lysova2
1FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia
2FSBМEI HE Academy of Civil Protection of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the conditions for achieving the necessary level of safety during the industrial processing of metallurgical waste and raw materials. The methodology of providing acceptable values of the risk of emergencies in the industrial processing of waste and raw materials containing radioactive source is given.

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On the problem of sustainable functioning of urban territories in emergency situations

E.V. Ivanov, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences
Civil Defense Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article analyzes the problem of ensuring the sustainable functioning of urban areas under the influence of damaging factors of emergency situations. The author substantiates the need to develop and justify a comprehensive indicator that characterizes the level of city resilience to emergencies. An approach to finding a generalized indicator that should allow to justify measures to ensure the sustainable functioning of urban areas in emergency situations is proposed. The scope of the described approach is given.

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Features of depressurization of the vehicle’s fuel system at low ambient temperatures

R.F. Voroshilov; I.N. Tatarkin
FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article is devoted to the features of depressurization of the fuel system of motor vehicles in conditions of low temperatures in the sharply continental climate of the Siberian region. The mechanism of destruction of fuel lines made of polymer materials as a result of reducing the elasticity of the fuel line tube under the influence of low temperatures is shown, and a method for studying the remains of the fuel line on an inverted metamorphic microscope is proposed.

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Directions of interaction between employees of the fire service and preschool educators to create a thematically-oriented space for training preschoolers in fire safety measures

O.E. Mel’nik1, Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences; S.V. Savosko1; A.N. Baturo2, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences
1FSBEE HE Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia
2FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article presents the results of research in the field of organizing effective interaction between fire departments and preschool educational organizations. The areas of interaction between employees of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia and preschool educators to create a thematically oriented space for teaching preschoolers about fire safety are identified: creating a stationary exhibition on fire safety topics; creation of mobile interactive thematic zones; informing and providing preschool organizations with methodological and special literature in the field of fire safety.

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Combined machine for maintenance and repair of pressure fire hoses

N.A. Kropotova, Ph.D. of Chemical Sciences; I.A. Legkova, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent
IFRA of SFS of EMERCOM of Russia

The article is devoted to increasing the efficiency of service activities using automated devices for the technical maintenance and repair of pressure head fire hoses. To reduce fatigue during repair work and increase the efficiency of maintenance, it is proposed to use a new prototype combined machine for maintenance and repair of fire pressure hoses. The main stages from the analytical review to the creation of a unique idea are considered. The authors structurally designed a new two-level mobile platform, which involves the placement of three technical modules: module turning fire hoses at the coupling head, module fold and roll sleeveless to the new edge module repair vulcanizer. The proposed design of the machine makes it unique and multifunctional.

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