Number 18

Agarkov A.V.
The «Respirator» State Scientific Research Institute of Mine-rescue Work, Fire Safety and Civil Protection of the Ministry of the Donetsk People’s Republic for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters

The relevance of monitoring and control of the mine environment during elimination of fires at the mining enterprises has been presented. The investigation results of the temperature field in the mine working of the coal mine in the vicinity of the seat of fire have been presented. It has been established that if the temperature behind the seat of fire does not depend much on the temperature diffusivity coefficient, then the length of the temperature «plume» before the seat of fire substantially depends on it. The dependence of the distribution of relative temperatures in front of and behind the seat of fire in the mine working of a coal mine has been presented. According to the proposed methodology it is possible to find the distribution of temperatures along the entire length of the mine working with a seat of fire. The further promising areas of theoretical and experimental studies of the unsteady distribution of fire gases along the length and cross section of the mine workings of coal mines during the accidents have been adduced.

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Zuev R.V¹; Itkina S.I.²; Savosko S.V.^3
1Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy of Firefighting Service of EMERCOM of Russia;
²FSBI «Forensic expert organization Federal Fire Service «Fire testing laboratory» in the Krasnoyarsk Territory»;
³Saint-Petersburg University of state fi re service of EMERCOM of Russia

The article describes the process of recreating the real physical environment of a dwelling and creating conditions for a fire as a result of an emergency fire hazardous operation of the electrical network and electrical equipment. The models of fire occurrence were created on the basis of practical experience in the study of real fires by specialists of the forensic institution of the FPS IPL in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, together with employees of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The experiments carried out made it possible to reliably assess the incendiary ability of these fire hazardous phenomena, the peculiarities of the occurrence of combustion and the development of a fire due to them. The work carried out made it possible to create videos with the purpose of a visual demonstration to the population of how domestic fires can start and what consequences they can lead to. The videos were shown in early 2020 on television in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and were posted on the Internet on the popular video hosting «YouTube».

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Belyak А.L.¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Dedenko M.M², Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Nazarov A.A.^3
1East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia;
²Irkutsk State University;
³3FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article is devoted to the issues of self-heating of oiled fibrous and porous household materials at public catering facilities. The article shows the complexity of the investigation of the causes of fires occurred from spontaneous combustion of substances and materials during the fire and technical expertise. The article presents the results of the study of self-heating of oils of vegetable origin, previously deposited on the porous surface of household materials. Revealed that the self-ignition of vegetable oils are more prone to oils with an expired shelf life. Materials based on viscose with the addition of polyester fiber have the advantages to enhance the process of spontaneous combustion with respect to other household fibrous materials.

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Vasilyev A.V., Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Kondratyeva L.V.
FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy of Firefighting Service of EMERCOM of Russia

The article provides an overview of literary materials related to explosions and fires at the reprocessing plants and caused by the formation, accumulation and uncontrolled decomposition of traces of tributyl phosphate-based extractant (TBP). The reason for such explosions was the presence in the extractant of its decomposition products — dibutyl phosphoric and monobutyl phosphoric acids (DBP and MBP). To date, the effect of DBP and MBP on the flash and ignition temperatures of an extractant based on TBP has not been determined. The article presents the method of hydrolysis of TBP for accumulation of DBP and MBP in the extractant. The process of measuring the flash point temperature and ignition point temperature of a pure extractant and extractant with different contents of DBP and MBP is described. The dependence of changes the flash point temperature and ignition point temperature on the different contents of DBP and MBP in TBP is shown.

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