Number № 22

2021, №3

Fire-hazardous emergency processes in automobile starters

Mokryak А.Yu.1 Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Barаnov A.A.1 Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences; Mokryak A.V.1, Boiko G.M.2 Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences, Docent
1Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia
2Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

The complexity of conducting an expert examination of fires that occur in cars and determining the technical cause of the fire is due to the presence of numerous electrical devices in their design. One of these devices is a starter, which converts the electrical energy of the battery into the mechanical energy of rotation of the engine crankshaft. The operation of the starter is accompanied by the release of high power in a small volume in a short period of time. In the electrical circuit of the car, the starter does not have protection against overcurrents and short-circuit currents. The practice of fire investigation shows that these devices often cause a fire in motor vehicles. Based on the analysis of the data obtained during the examinations, the main causes of fire-hazardous emergency processes in automobile starters were established. Also, the characteristic signs of these processes that can be detected after a fire within the framework of complex fire-technical and auto-technical examinations are revealed.

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Comparative analysis of the level of satisfaction of cadets and students with training at the Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

Savochkin D.V. Ph.D. of sociology, docent; Mongysh A.A.
FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

This article is devoted to the differences in assessments of the level of satisfaction with training at the Academy of two groups of students: cadets (and listeners) and students. Both of them undergo similar training programs, receive model diplomas of education. Cadets and listeners study at the expense of the budget, and students pay for their education on their own. At the same time, the level of satisfaction with certain aspects of training at the Academy among cadets and students differs significantly.

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Methodological support for the implementation of mentoring in the system of the ministry of Emergency situations of Russia in relation to volunteers

Kharin V.V.; Streltsov O.V.; Matorina O.S.; Meretukova O.G.; Udavtsova E.Yu. Ph. D., of Engineering Sciences
Federal State-Financed Establishment «All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection of Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters» (FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia)

The article is devoted to the organization of remote mentoring in the system of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in relation to volunteers (volunteers). The article considers the procedure, program and methodology of the course “Remote mentoring”, developed on the basis of the previously developed scientific and practical approach to the implementation of mentoring in a remote format. The main characteristics and structure of the order, program and methodology are given. The course aims and objectives, basic requirements for the target audience are defined. The procedure for organizing and implementing remote mentoring is considered. The academic disciplines included in the course program and the corresponding formats of their study are considered. The criteria for evaluating the results of mastering the training course by students, as well as the procedure for accepting the final certification, are given. It is assumed that the use of the course in the practical activities of the EMERCOM of Russia will lead to the expansion and improvement of the joint work of the EMERCOM of Russia and volunteers at all levels of interaction.

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Analysis of the speed of fire trucks to the place of call in the Moscow region

Kharin V.V.; Shavyrina T.A. Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Bobrinev E.V. Ph.D. of Biological Sciences; Udavtsova E.Yu. Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Kondashov A.A. Ph.D. of Physico-mathematical Sciences
Federal State-Financed Establishment «All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection of Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters» (FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia)

The article presents the results of studying the speed of fire trucks to the place of call in the settlements of the Moscow region for the period 2019-2021. It is shown that in comparison with 2008, the average speed of fire trucks in cities increased by 7%, in rural settlements practically did not change. The average arrival time of the first fire protection unit in the cities of the Moscow region decreased by 17% from 8,9 minutes to 7,4 minutes, in rural settlements – by 38 from 22 minutes to 13,7 minutes.

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Detecting and determining locations and hazard of the source at dinamic monitoring of territories

Sergeev I.Yu. Ph.D.1 of Engineering Sciences; Valuev N.P.2 Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Engineering Sciences
1FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia
2FSBМEI HE Academy of Civil Protection of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russi

The effective method of dynamic control of the radiation situation in the territories using a highly sensitive diametric system. The method allows detecting local radiation anomalies and determining hazard anomalies.

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Problematic issues of assessing the physical preparedness of firefighters and rescuers to work in personal respiratory protection

Kavriga S.G.
FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article substantiates the need to assess the level of preparedness of firefighters and rescuers involved in the elimination of emergency situations in an environment unsuitable for breathing. The problematic points in the methods of assessing physical performance used in fire department, and they are compared with functional tests of sports medicine. The adaptation of the Physical Working Capacity (PWC170) functional test and the Harvard step test to assess the preparedness of firefighters and rescuers to work in an environment unsuitable for breathing in personal respiratory protective equipment is considered.

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Development of proposals for improving the organization of workplaces of day-to-day management bodies of the unified state system of emergency prevention and response at the local level

Belousov V.N. Ph.D. of Sociological Sciences; Ryzhov A.A. Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Shimitilo V.L.
Civil Defence Academy of Emercom of Russia

The article is devoted to the problematic issues of the activities of the day-to-day management bodies of the unified state system for the prevention and liquidation of emergency situations [1] and civil defense at the municipal level. As a result of the assessment of their activities when employees perform various tasks (responding to the information received and bringing it to the emergency services), it was possible to build a matrix of SWOT analysis of the organization of work of EDDS-112, in which its strengths and weaknesses were identified, a comparative assessment of tasks and identified factors affecting the effectiveness of employees was carried out. Based on the results of the study, proposals were developed to improve the organization of workplaces based on the analysis of a representative sample of EDDS-112 and regulatory legal documents related to the organization of workplaces.

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The relevance of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the interests of emergency prevention

Shimon N.S.1 Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Kalach E.V.2 Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; Kalach A.V.2 Ph.D. of Chemical Sciences, Full Professor; Martinovich N.V.3
1Civil Defense, public protection and fire safety Voronezh Region
2FSBEE HE Voronezh State Technical University
3FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article presents the results of the analysis and generalization of data on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), including by units of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. The article pays special attention to the tasks that can performed using unmanned aerial vehicles. The conclusion made about the need to improve the UAV payload complex.

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Digitalization of the process of providing financial assistance to the population affected by natural and man-made emergencies

Shaposhnikov A.S.1 Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Sergeev I.U.2 Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Baturo A.N.2 Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; Elfimova M.V.2 Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; Shmireva M.B.2 Ph.D. of Juridical Sciences
1Main Directorate of EMERCOM of Russia for the Jewish Autonomous Region
2Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

Currently, information resources and digital technologies are actively developing, which are actively being introduced into the activities of the EMERCOM of Russia. The article shows how it is possible to optimize the process of providing financial assistance to the population in case of flooding using digital technologies. The tools of “Industry 4.0” in relation to humanitarian operations and assistance to the population in emergency situations are also considered.

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Fire-hazardous emergency processes in automobile starters

Mokryak А.Yu.1 Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Barаnov A.A.1 Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences; Mokryak A.V.1, Boiko G.M.2 Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences, Docent
1Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia
2Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

The complexity of conducting an expert examination of fires that occur in cars and determining the technical cause of the fire is due to the presence of numerous electrical devices in their design. One of these devices is a starter, which converts the electrical energy of the battery into the mechanical energy of rotation of the engine crankshaft. The operation of the starter is accompanied by the release of high power in a small volume in a short period of time. In the electrical circuit of the car, the starter does not have protection against overcurrents and short-circuit currents. The practice of fire investigation shows that these devices often cause a fire in motor vehicles. Based on the analysis of the data obtained during the examinations, the main causes of fire-hazardous emergency processes in automobile starters were established. Also, the characteristic signs of these processes that can be detected after a fire within the framework of complex fire-technical and auto-technical examinations are revealed.

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