Number № 25

2022, №2(25)

Injury levels of personnel of the federal border guard service of the state border service during their service for 2017-2021 when they perform various types of activities

N.А. Pankratov1, V.A. Mashtakov2, E.Yu. Udavtsova2, E.V. Bobrinev2, E.V. Bobrinev2
1Department of Strategic Planning and Organizational Work, EMERCOM of Russia, Moscow, Russia; 2FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia, Balashikha, Russia

The injury rates of the personnel of the FPS of the State Border Service during their service in 2017-2021 were studied. It is shown that the level of injuries of the operational staff of the FPS of the State Fire Service differs from the level of injuries of the service staff. It is proposed to compare the risks of injury and death of firefighters with the risks of other professions and activities to use not averaged data on the number of accidents (including fatalities) in the fire departments or in general for the EMERCOM of Russia, but the calculated values of risks for the main types of activities personnel of the EMERCOM of Russia, taking into account the real time of employment by these types of activities by the personnel of the EMERCOM of Russia.

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The use of ultrasonic testing to determine the strength of concrete floor slabs after an explosion of household gas in a residential building

Sofia D. Kovaleva, Anton H. Avgutsevics
All-Russian Research Institute for Civil Defense and Emergency Situations of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, Moscow, Russia

Recently, cases of household gas explosion have become more frequent, in which there is not only partial destruction of bearing structural elements of buildings or structures, but also their complete collapse. As a result, buildings and structures and their individual structural elements experience various kinds of deformations, which can lead to catastrophic consequences. Therefore, when gas is called, including domestic gas, it is necessary to conduct studies of strength characteristics, damaged and solid bearing structural elements that will help determine the condition of structures and draw a conclusion about the technical condition of the building or structure as a whole.

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The educational process of departmental educational organizations in the development of moral and psychological stability of cadets: a review problems

Michael A. Sibirko1, Michael A. Sibirko2
1Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Voronezh, Russia; 2Voronezh Institute of High Technologies, Voronezh, Russia

The article presents an overview of studies related to the features, factors, specific methods, forms and means of the educational process of departmental universities. The spiritual and moral development of youth is considered as one of the directions of the educational process, which is specified in the need to develop the moral and psychological stability of cadets. The concept and structure of the moral and psychological stability of cadets are determined. The views of various scientists on the content of the educational environment of departmental educational organizations, its role in the development of the moral and psychological stability of cadets are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the insufficient experimental development of the problem of not only the rational, but also the emotional side of the education of cadets, which is associated with the development of the emotional component of their moral and psychological stability.

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Influence of bordering forest areas when predicting fires

Alexander V. Shiroukhov, Konstantin S. Ivanov
Saint-Petersburg University of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia

The article discusses the procedure for determining the probability of occurrence of a particular state of a forest area; in particular, the state is fires of the greatest interest. Forecasting is based on the analysis of statistical data on the considered section of the forest territory. The influence of neighboring sites on the probability of fire in the studied area is considered as one of the factors. The assessment of the influence of the bordering areas is formed based on the analysis of the state of neighboring areas and the prevailing wind direction.

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Ffeatures of actions of fire protection units when extinguishing fires of cars with an electric motor

Nikolay Yu. Pivovarov, Vadim V. Zykov, Andrey N. Gladkkikh, Alexey N. Petukhov
All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Defense of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation, Balashikha , Russia

The article considers a car with an electric motor from the point of view of the fire danger of its components and assemblies, the most common causes and statistics of fires of vehicles with electric motors are given. The main types of danger for participants of fire extinguishing are considered. Recommendations are given on the procedure for the actions of operational officials and participants in extinguishing when conducting combat operations to extinguish fires of cars with an electric motor. The necessity of developing and improving existing tactical approaches to fire extinguishing and emergency rescue operations by fire and rescue units when extinguishing fires of cars with electric motors is substantiated.

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Fire site survey features to obtain information needed to address regulatory specialization issues

N.A. Kravchenko
Saint-Petersburg University of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia

The paper considers modern spectral analysis methods as tools for performing fire-technical expertise. The subject of analysis, as a rule, are commercial petroleum products. At the same time, the capabilities of the methods allow not only the traditional identification of individual substances, but also the qualitative and quantitative analysis of multicomponent mixtures. The analysis of the main characteristics of the equipment available in the FSBI SEU IPL, used in the study of commercial petroleum products for the purpose of fire technical expertise, is carried out.

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Some issues of improving the Arctic subsystem of the unified State emergency prevention and response system and the civil defense system

Vladimir N. Belousov, Igor V. Peteshev, Aleksandr A. Ryzhov
Civil Defence Academy of Emercom of Russia, Khimki, Russia

The article reveals the need to create a separate subsystem as part of the Unified State Emergency Prevention and Response System in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (hereinafter the Arctic zone). The article gives a brief description of the territory, and reveals the factors determining the need for its allocation into a separate subsystem.

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Methodology for assessing the readiness of the radiation monitoring system to detect local sources of ionizing radiation

Alexander I. Mazanik1, Nikolay P. Valuev1, Ivan Y. Sergeev2, Gleb A. Nikolaev2
1Civil Defense Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Moscow, Russia; 2Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia

The article describes a methodology for assessing the level of readiness of the radiation monitoring system to detect local sources of ionizing radiation of terrorist origin. The developed methodology makes it possible to assess the current level of readiness of the monitoring system on a five-point scale. The methodology provides for the sequential solution of six problems, for which appropriate algorithms based on well-known scientific methods (the method of paired comparisons, the Delphi method, the ranking method and the method of hierarchy analysis) have been developed.

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Method for orienting a mobile loading device using a laser scanner

Andrey V. Kalach1, Sergey V. Anikin2, Nikolay V. Martinovich1, Tatyana A. Lomaeva3
1Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia; 2Military Research and Training Centre of the Air Force “Military Air Academy named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin”, Voronezh, Russia; 3Academy of State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, Moscow, Russia

Signals from Lidar-type circular laser sensors are typically used to detect the presence of an obstacle in the path of the robot. It is proposed to use the laser sensor data in the working area to orient (align) the axes of the transport module and the body of the loading object. The main goal is to obtain a simple orientation algorithm with minimal hardware and software requirements to the control system.

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Model of aerodynamic control of radioactive contamination of territories

Ivan Y. Sergeev1, Nikolai P. Valuev2, Sergey A. Guzenkov2
1Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia; 2Civil Dеfеnсе Acаdеmу EMЕRCOM of Russia, Moscow, Russia

A mathematical model of aerodynamic monitoring of radioactive contamination of the territory is described. The regression equation of the model contains the components of the altitude dependence of the dose rate of radioactive contamination of the territory and the level of the cosmic background. The model makes it possible to determine not only the total radiation dose rate at the height of the aircraft, which indirectly depends on the level of radioactive contamination, but to carry out remote measurement of the dose rate directly on the surface of the territory.

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