Number № 25

Alexander M. Tararykin
Ural Institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Ekaterinburg, Russia

The article presents statistics on fires in the flood zones of the Krasnodar Territory, discusses the features of extinguishing fires in the flood zones of the Krasnodar Territory, and performs a comparative analysis of the tactical and technical characteristics of high-traffic vehicles when extinguishing fires in flood zones. In the course of the study, the main advantages of using high-terrain vehicles for extinguishing fires in flood zones were identified, and options for improving off-road vehicles for fire extinguishing were also proposed.

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Alexandra A. Snezhko^1,2, Anastasia P. Filkova¹, Oleg R. Luzanov^2
1Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy, Zheleznogorsk, Russian Federation; ²Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

The paper analyzes the causes of wear and methods of hardening of fire equipment parts. The results of studies of the influence of technological parameters on the structure and properties of oxide coatings (hardness, thickness, wear resistance) are presented. The influence of the chemical composition of the base material on the geometry and performance characteristics of parts after microarc oxidation is discussed.

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Sergey P. Amelchugov^1,2, Alexey N. Baturo², Vitaly A. Negin³, Alexander V. Antonov^2,4, Alexander I. Firsov^5
1Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia; ²Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia; ³Automatic fire extinguishing systems, Krasnoyarsk, Russia; ⁴The Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russia; ⁵Academy State Fire Service EMERCOM of Russia, Moscow, Russia

The article is devoted to the practical solution of increasing the range of the jet supply during firefighting by changing the shape of the nozzles. The range of the jet is an important parameter for fire fighting. A jet of water is formed by a fire nozzle, while an important indicator is the impact of a jet of water on the combustion source. Water jets are used not only for fire extinguishing, but also for cooling the structures of buildings and structures. Therefore, for firefighting purposes, water supply over considerable distances is necessary.

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Dmitry V. Kargashilov^1,2, Irina A. Ivanova¹, Anastasia P. Parshina^1
1Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia; ²Voronezh Institute for Advanced Training of Employees of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, Voronezh, Russia

The article describes one of the ways to reduce the fire hazard of technological processes and industries by using a convective fire barrier, which can not only prevent the spread of dangerous fire factors beyond its source, but also be used as a fence providing ventilation of spaces with the presence of technological equipment, in which circulate flammable gases or liquids. The authors considered the existing designs of fire barriers and proposed a convective fire barrier, described its design, operating principle, and also presented options for a barrier made of reinforced concrete materials and expanded metal. An example of the practical application of the barrier is given.

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Andrey O. Andreev, Evgeniy A. Yagodka, Nataliya G. Alexandrova
State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia; Russian Federation, Moscow

The paper considers the problem of bringing people to responsibility for failure to take feasible measures to evacuate people in case of fire. On the basis of the analysis of various sources the working definition of the concept “feasible measures”is formulated. The conditions (factors) influencing implementation of feasible measures, and also the circumstances excluding approach of criminal responsibility are revealed.

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Liubov V. Dolgushina, Alyona I. Popova
Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia

The article considers the behavior of a gypsum-based building material under thermal exposure. The dependence of the main physical and chemical characteristics on the heating temperature of gypsum fiber is shown. IR spectroscopy was used as an instrumental research method. Regularities between the temperature effect and the composition of materials based on gypsum are revealed. Differences in the IR spectra of materials based on gypsum are experimentally shown depending on the magnitude of the temperature effect.

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Ruslan O. Morozov¹, Galina V. Plotnikova², Anatoly A. Shekov^2,3, Pavel S. Khatskevich^4
1Deputy Head of the Department of the Regulatory and Technical Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Irkutsk Region, Irkutsk, Russia; ²East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Irkutsk, Russia; ³Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia; ⁴Forensic expert institution of the Federal Fire Service “Testing Fire Laboratory” in the Irkutsk region, Irkutsk, Russia

The article presents the results of the fire-technical investigation of the explosion and fire of the shunt reactor that occurred during the test work after its repair. The nature of the damage developing in the transformer was determined by the ratio of concentrations of gases dissolved in transformer oil, such as hydrogen, methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, oxide and carbon dioxide. When analyzing the results of the chromatographic study, it was found that the concentration of all gases dissolved in the oil exceeded the boundary limits, which confirms the occurrence of an emergency operation mode as a result of a short circuit, which led to heating of the oil and insulation, increased pressure in the tank, depressurization and the release of oil vapors outside, which led to an explosion and fire.

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Aleksey Y. Mironov¹, Anna Y. Mironova², Vyacheslav G. Burlov^2
1Russian State Hydrometeorological University, St. Petersburg, Russia; ²Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia

For the purpose of early detection and prevention of the growing number of fires, environmental and man-made accidents, a geoinformation system synthesis of proactive management of the production complex on affairs about administrative offenses that give rise to fire and industrial danger is considered. According to Anokhin-Sudakov’s theory of functional systems, by a natural-science approach to the management synthesis in conditions of limited resources created a mathematical model for making managerial decisions, adequately formalized at each stage of the administrative process. An analytical dependence is determined that integrates the patterns of geoinformation, supervisory and geolocation components of the management system for the stage of administrative practice. Through the modeling of the Markov chain of the administrative process by the Kolmogorov-Chapman’s equations system, a criterion for the existence of preventive management is proposed, allowing the proper efficiency of the administrative production cycle to optimize the intensity of identifying and neutralizing threats within a reasonable time.

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Liubov V. Dolgushina, Roman V. Zuev, Anna A. Vorobyova
Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia

The article suggests a way to reduce the time spent by an inquirer (investigator) to inspect the fire site and improve the quality of recording the results of a fire investigation using various field methods. The article is a continuation of a series of articles that reveal problems in the organization of the work of forensic expert institutions (SEU) of the Federal Fire Service (FPS) of the Ministry of Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (EMERCOM of Russia). The articles are designed to reveal the existing problems, determine the causes of their occurrence and possible solutions.

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