Number № 28

2023 №1

Some properties of the forest vegetation of the Shatura forestry affecting the nature of its burnability

Evgeniya B. Anosova,
Sergey M. Lyashenko,
Ramil R. Fatyhov,
Andrey A. Blokhin,
Sofya M. Mikhailova
The Civil Defence Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Khimki, Russia

The article presents the results of researching the samples of materials, that taken from the forest fires of the Shatursky district in the Moscow region. Conclusions about the nature of fires and the power of the sources that caused them are drawn. With the modern methods of analysis the characteristics of plant materials that affecting to their ability to ignite and burn were studied in detailes.

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Disadvantage of assembly and used materials of storage batteries that contribute to the occurrence of a fire on the example of a cargo fire in a semitrailer

Diana N. Mnozhina1,
Vadim D. Siniuk1,
Veronika Yu. Krisanova1,
Anatoly A. Shekov2,3
1Forensic Center of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
2East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Irkutsk, Russia
3Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia

The relevance of this article is due to high fire hazard and prevalence of storage batteries, which are used as current sources for various electrical devices. These batteries contain dangerous materials and substances, which can lead to an exothermic reaction and, as a result, fire or explosion. The fire safety issues related to a low quality of used storage batteries. The article describes main disadvantage of assembly and materials of storage batteries, discusses the case of ignition of these batteries and his cause.

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On the problem of forming a moral and psychological climate in departmental educational organizations

Vitaly I. Fedyanin1,
Galina A. Kvashnina2,
Michael A. Sibirko3,
Sergey V. Efimov4
1Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia
2Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Voronezh, Russia
3Voronezh Institute of High Technologies, Voronezh, Russia

The article presents an overview of research related to the problem of the formation of a moral and psychological climate in service teams. The views of various authors on similar concepts of moral and psychological climate, moral and psychological climate in the service team, socio-psychological climate are considered. The features are determined and the high pedagogical potential of the formation of a moral and psychological climate in departmental educational organizations for solving educational problems in relation to cadets is indicated. The views of various scientists on the types, forms, criteria, indicators of the moral and psychological climate in service teams are analyzed. The prospects for research in the field of the formation of a moral and psychological climate in educational and service teams are formulated, the importance of this direction for solving the problems of pedagogical prevention, correction and improvement of professional training of employees of internal affairs bodies at the stage of training in a departmental educational organization is indicated.

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Fire safety in the context National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation 2021

Alexander I. Lozhkarev,
Julia S. Gazizova,
Tatyana N. Petukhova,
Elena I. Purgina
The Ural Institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Yekaterinburg, Russia

This article presents an analysis of fire safety in the context of the new edition of the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation. The authors identify fundamentally new provisions of the Strategy that not only contribute to a comprehensive and substantive analysis of the field of fire safety, but also increase the effectiveness of measures to prevent and eliminate natural and manmade emergencies. The authors point to the priority of strengthening the socio-humanitarian component of national security and the increasing role of the human factor in its provision. The necessity of forming a national culture of fire safety issubstantiated, where the direct participants are representatives of the professional community, with a comprehensive system of multifaceted practical activities and training, and public institutions focused on uniting and attracting citizens to participate in solving these problems.

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A practice-oriented method of training firefighters and rescuers in advanced training programs

Sergey V. Popov,
Evgeniy V. Vagenleytner,
Vasiliy I. Shchenyaev
All -Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (Orenburg branch), Orenburg, Russia

The acquisition of professional competencies by students during the implementation of additional professional training programs is influenced, among other things, by the availability and compliance of material and technical resources, as well as the forms and methods of training used. It is proposed to use a practice-oriented method of training at a specialized training ground for high-quality training of personnel of fire and rescue units at the facilities of oil and gas and chemical enterprises.

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Analysis of the risk-oriented model of prevention of risks of harm

Vadim B. Korobko1,
Ekaterina N. Kiyatkina1,2
1State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Мoscow, Russia
2Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia

In this work, the analysis of the current algorithm and the reconstruction of the information model of prevention of risks of harm is carried out. The conclusions obtained in the course of the study allow us to conclude that within the framework of studying the risk-oriented approach, there is a need to develop a special conceptual apparatus that will serve the organizational system based on the proposed developments, as well as the introduction of working formulations of individual concepts (definitions).

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Network models of forces and means management when extinguishing some vehicles and conducting emergency rescue operations

Alexander A. Tarantsev1,2,
Dmitry A. Potashev3,
Tatiana S. Ulianovskaya3
1Solomenko Institute of Transport Problems of the Russian academy of sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
2Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
3The Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Murmansk region, Murmansk, Russia

The issues of modeling the development of emergency situations on such vehicles as electric vehicles (including electric buses) and cars for transporting animals are considered. The expediency of constructing network plans (Gantt diagrams) that allow determining the critical path, i.e. the work that determines the duration of extinguishing a fire or eliminating the consequences of an accident, and thereby give recommendations for making the most rational decisions, is shown. Examples are given.

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Analytical review of approaches to information support of gas and smoke rescue units when extinguishing fires and carrying out rescue operations in the area of limited visibility

Vyacheslav Yu. Yarovoy1,
Pavel V. Shirinkin2
1Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia
2SFA of EMERCOM of Russia, Moscow, Russia

The article considers the basic approaches to information support, which can be applied when extinguishing fires and carrying out rescue operations in conditions of limited visibility: ultrasonic sensing; radar sensing; active-pulse sensing. An analysis of modern methods of information support for gas and smoke rescue service units in a limited visibility area and the hardware and software that implements them was performed. On the basis of determining the positive and negative sides of modern devices, allowing to obtain additional information when working in areas of limited visibility, proposals for their improvement and practical implementation are formulated.

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Descriptive statistics of the difference in assessments and ratings of the activities of territorial bodies of State fire supervision of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

Viktor I. Iskalin,
Vladimir A. Sorokin,
Natalya V. Tuz,
Pavel V. Klochkov
All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, Balashikha, Russia

The features of the functioning of the assessment model of the activities of organizational structures are described, in terms of identifying the dynamics of changes in assessments and ratings of territorial bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. The results of calculating the difference of estimates and the rating of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations by comparing the final estimates at the level of the subject of the Russian Federation in adjacent reporting quarters are presented.

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On methodological approaches to organizing the activities of operational fire protection units

Alexey N. Barbosov1,
Ekaterina N. Kiyatkina1,2,
Vadim B. Korobko1
1SFA of EMERCOM of Russia, Мoscow, Russia
2Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia

The circumstances affecting the organization of the activities of operational fire protection units are analyzed. The analysis of methodological approaches for ensuring fire safety in terms of organizing the activities of fire and rescue units has been carried out. The features of existing methodological approaches are presented.

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