bezop_ch-s

Mazanik A.I.¹, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Military Sciences, Full Professor; Valuev N.P.¹, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Engineering Sciences, Docent; Sergeev I.Y.², Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Nikolaev G.A.^2
1Civil Defense Academy EMERCOM of Russia
²FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article analyzes the problem situation of organizing and monitoring the radiation situation in closed administrative-territorial entities with nuclear industry facilities. The efficiency indicator of the radiation monitoring system was determined. The problem situation caused by the low level of efficiency of the existing system is formulated, and possible directions of its resolution are shown. At the verbal level, a scientific task is formulated, which consists in the development of a scientific and methodological apparatus for substantiating rational parameters of the radiation monitoring system. The stages of solving the scientific problem are defined. The analysis of factors that should be taken into account when choosing rational parameters of the radiation monitoring system is carried out.

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Izmailova V.N.¹; Shubkin R.G.², Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Karelin E.N.²; Nikulin M.A.^3
1Irkutsk National Research Technical University
²FSBEE HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia
³FSBEI HE Northern Trans-Ural SAU

The paper analyzes the consequences of forest fires in the Irkutsk region. The main purpose of the article is to consider the problem of transitions of forest fires to objects of settlements and the development of modern protective and preventive measures. Methods of statistical processing of data on forest fires on reports of the Ministry of emergency situations of Russia are used. The results obtained indicate that the measures currently used to protect localities from forest fires are not effective enough. The solution of this problem is facilitated by a more in-depth study of the course of fire-dangerous periods to identify areas of high mountain ability.

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Tkachenko P.N., Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Vakorin M.V.
The Civil Defence Academy of EMERCOM of Russia

The existing methods of choosing flood control measures are considered. A description of the most promising approaches is given and some disadvantages are highlighted that impede the solution of the problem of choosing a rational composition of flood control measures. A method is proposed for assessing the contribution of early flood control measures to reducing flood damage based on ranking. An example is given of assessing the contribution of flood control measures to reducing flood damage on the Tom River according to the initial data for 2018.

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Gavrishev A.A.
North-Caucasus Federal University

Covert hydroacoustic communication systems based on biosimilar signals are considered on the example of a covert hydroacoustic communication system from [13; 14], which is based on the bionic Morse code. It is shown that in the well-known works [13; 14] does not present bionic Morse code for Russian letters, numerical values ​​and punctuation marks, which potentially narrows the scope of its application. A bionic Morse code has been developed, extending the use of the bionic Morse code from [13; 14] for covert hydroacoustic communication systems, for example, in the prevention and elimination of emergencies at water and underwater objects, the study of potentially dangerous underwater objects and other special tasks, by adding Russian letters, numbers and punctuation marks to it.

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Kukushkin Yu.A.¹, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Engineering Sciences, Full Professor; Markov N.A.²; Bogomolov A.V.^1,3, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Engineering Sciences, Full Professor; Dvornikov M.V.¹, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Medical Science, Full Professor; Shishov A.A.³, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Medical Science, Full Professor
¹Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of Russia
²Research and Production Enterprise «Topaz»
³State Research Center of the Russian Federation – Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental substantiation of the appearance of automated information systems for personalized notification of aircraft passengers in emergency situations of high-altitude flight, implemented on the basis of the concept of cyber-physical systems. Informing about the danger of an emergency is carried out by calculating in real time an estimate of the reserve time for preserving consciousness. The calculated estimate of the reserve time for preserving consciousness is presented to the passengers of the aircraft using visual and / or voice information devices coupled with oxygen masks and / or passenger seats.

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A.A. Gavrishev
FSAEI HPE NCFU

Systems based on the use of emergency beacons are considered. It is noted that one of their main disadvantages is the availability of transmitted information to an outside observer. It is established that noise-like signals are used in known systems to eliminate this disadvantage. However, most of the well-known works do not pay enough attention to the issues of providing imitation protection of these systems from spoofing the transmitted data. Taking into account the work [2; 13], an imitation protection system based on the use of emergency beacons was developed. A block diagram of the developed imitation protection system is given, and the order of its functioning is described. The developed system, unlike most known systems, can be used to identify and verify the search station for the purpose of transmitting or refusing to transmit the required information to it.

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Sergeev I.Y., Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences
FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article is devoted to a proposal for the organization of dynamic monitoring of the radiation situation in water areas using water transport and a highly sensitive dosimetric control system.

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Gavrishev A.A.
North-Caucasus Federal University

An experimental analysis of civil defense communication systems using the lower bound of KS-entropy, which is considered as an analog of the structural stealth of transmitted signals, is performed. Among the analyzed models of communication systems, models of communication systems based on chaotic signals have the highest lower bound of KS-entropy and, accordingly, the highest structural stealth. The model of a communication system with simple signals has the lowest lower bound of the KS-entropy and, accordingly, the lowest structural stealth. Model communication systems with noise-like signals has a lower bound of KS-entropy, and, correspondingly, structural stealth, much greater than the model communication systems with simple signals but less than the model of the communication system based on chaotic signals. It is established that communication systems based on chaotic signals are generally more preferable by the criterion of stealth for civil defense communication systems and can potentially find wider application in them.

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I.Y. Sergeev¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; N.P. Valuev², Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Engineering Sciences; P.M. Yudanov², Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences
¹FSBEI HE Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia
²FSBМEI HE Academy of Civil Protection of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia

A multichannel technique for detecting detector signals with different signal averaging intervals for each channel is described. The technique improves the reliability of detection of radioactive sources located at different depths of a moving vehicle with inconsistent speed in the control zone by optimizing the size of the averaging interval of signals of various durations.

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S.G. Aksenov, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Economic Sciences, Full Professor; E.S. Nasyrova, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; M.A. Leonteva; A.V. Fazylova
Ufa State Aviation Technical University

In the work forest fires and their classifications are analyzed. Researchers in their works offer various classifications for ground, crown and underground fires. All fires, regardless of their type, are united by one parameter – fire area. The analysis of the literature showed that there is no accurate classification of forest fires of catastrophic class (area of 1000-10000 ha). The classification of forest fires according to the area covered by the fire was developed by method of classification scales construction. The proposed classification includes five main classes of forest fires, each of which is divided into subclasses. In accordance with the developed classification, fires in the Republic of Bashkortostan in September 2018 were analyzed. The developed classification is applied in practice, for example, in land restoration after fires.

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