bezop_ppb-en

Boris A. Klementiev¹,
Andrew V. Kalach²,
Tatiana P. Sysoeva³,
Zelimkhan B. Evloev³,
Nikolay V. Martinovich^4
1Arctic LNG;
²Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia;
³Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia;
⁴Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia

The article analyzes the current state and prospects for the development of liquefied natural gas enterprises. Particular attention is paid to assessing the sustainability of oil refineries. Emphasizes the importance of detailed elaboration and revising approaches to assessing the adequacy of the evacuation and rescue of employees of enterprises producing liquefied natural gas. The results of full-scale scenario modeling of evacuation at an enterprise for the production of liquefied natural gas are presented. Scenarios that differ in the most extended and difficult ways of evacuating people were considered as calculated ones. The evacuation process was considered as the movement of one homogeneous human flow, while the merging of flows, as well as the formation of crowds of people in any section of the evacuation routes until the critical flow density was reached, were not considered due to the significant dispersal of personnel at the facility.

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Dmitrii P. Volkov¹,
Yury P. Zarichnyack²,
Aleksandra A. Marova³,
Anatolii. A. Kuzmin^1
1St. Petersburg University of State Fire Service of Emercom of Russia, St.Petersburg, Russia;
²ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia;
³St. Petersburg State University Russia, St.Petersburg, Russia

The structure of free backfill of hollow glass and borosilicate micr spheres is investigated. The processes of conductive transfer of thermal energy in micr spheres, molecular and radiant heat transfer in pores between microspheres are consi ered. The proposed model of the structure developed a procedure for calculating / predicting the effective thermal conductivity of free fillings of hollow micro spheres. The results of the calculation are compared with the published experimental data of various independent sources.

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Irina N. Pozharkova¹,
Eugeniy Yu. Troyak²,
Alexander N. Slepov³,
Alexander S. Gorbunov⁴
Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia,
¹https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1153-350X;
²https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9446-9226;
³https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8625-5116

The article is devoted to the development of a virtual simulator designed to improve the quality of decisions made by employees of the inquiry bodies based on the results of procedural actions at the scene of the incident during the investigation of fires. The architecture of the corresponding software and hardware complex is presented, as well as a functional model for conducting practical lessons based on it on the study of signs of emergency modes of operation of electrical devices and equipment. The effectiveness of the developed simulator was evaluated based on a comparative analysis of the results of the control tasks for the use of forensic methods and means for searching, detecting, fixing, withdrawing and preliminary study of material evidence at the fire site.

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Vladislav A. Mashtakov¹,
Oleg V. Streltsov²,
Evgeny V. Bobrinev³,
Andrey A. Kondashov⁴,
Elena Yu. Udavtsova⁵
ll-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, Balashikha, Russia,
¹https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6256-9273;
²https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1392-4849;
³https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8169-6297;
⁴https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2730-1669;
⁵https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-0849

An analysis of the fire hazard level of protection facilities of various risk categories in the Russian Federation in 2020-2021 showed that the highest loss of life per 1 fire occurs at protection facilities of low and moderate risk categories. The highest probability of escaping from the zone of exposure to fire hazards is at high–risk facilities; the lowest is at low-risk facilities. In the range from low-risk objects to high-risk objects, there is a decrease in the proportion of fires due to careless handling of fire and NPUiE furnaces and an increase in the proportion of fires due to NPUiE of electrical equipment, malfunction of production equipment or disruption of the production process, as well as due to NPPB during electric gas welding and other fire works.

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Elena I. Golyakova¹,
Anastasiya P. Filkova^2
1,2Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia, Zheleznogorsk, Russia,
¹https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4157-8525

Fire-fighting water supply of settlements is a set of measures to provide water to various consumers to extinguish a fire. The article discusses methods of improving channel water intakes for water intake from surface sources in order to ensure the reliability of water supply, including for fire-fighting needs.

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Konstantin S. Vlasov, Alexander A. Poroshin
All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, Balashikha, Russia

Based on the model for determining large and ordinary fires, as well as actual data on fires in the Moscow region for 2017, when a fire occurred in the Syndica shopping center in the region, one of the largest fires in recent times, the causes of contradictions in the organization of firefighting arising from attempts to create conditions for an optimal ratio of economic efficiency and efficiency of fire and rescue units. A decision tree model has been developed with a division into two main directions: 1. Extinguishing ordinary fires and 2. Extinguishing large fires.

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Nikolay M. Loran
Main Department of EMERCOM of Russia for the Kemerovo Region, Kemerovo, Russia, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7661-5162

The article deals with the actual problems of research of methods of fire protection on oil-carrying sea tankers. The features of the analysis of the assessment of the security of offshore oil tankers based on probabilistic indicators are given. Particular attention is paid to the review of methodological approaches to ensuring fire protection for the storage and transportation of oil and petroleum products by offshore oil tankers. Based on the analysis and generalization of existing methodological approaches, a method for calculating the probabilistic indicators of a fire on an oil tanker is proposed. At the same time, the risk assessment matrix provides a qualitative (semi-quantitative) analysis of the risk level of an undesirable event on an oil tanker and allows you to form a scale of the list of significant hazards.

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Vladimir N. Lozhkin
Saint-Petersburg University of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0965-3000

The physical process of carbon monoxide (CO) diffusion from a peat fire in a stratified atmosphere is considered. Peat fire is stylized by the model of a local source of CO emission with “cold” (absence of open flame gorenje) smoke smog within its mesoscale territorial distribution. The model, with the help of a unified digital program, allows you to calculate the air pollution of CO in fractions of exceeding the maximum one-time MPC under extreme meteorological conditions.

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Alexander M. Tararykin¹,
Andrey V. Kalach^2
1Ural Institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia Yekaterinburg, Russia,
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1583-8071
²Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8926-3151

A comparative analysis of the tactical and technical characteristics of mobile vehicles (all-terrain vehicles) used in extinguishing fires is carried out. A variant of the design of a fire-rescue vehicle based on an all-terrain vehicle of the Phoenix type for use in climatic and road conditions of the natural complex is proposed. The features of the operation of fire equipment in the conditions of the natural estuary-floodplain complex of the Krasnodar Territory are considered.

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Alexander M. Tararykin
Ural Institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Ekaterinburg, Russia

The article presents statistics on fires in the flood zones of the Krasnodar Territory, discusses the features of extinguishing fires in the flood zones of the Krasnodar Territory, and performs a comparative analysis of the tactical and technical characteristics of high-traffic vehicles when extinguishing fires in flood zones. In the course of the study, the main advantages of using high-terrain vehicles for extinguishing fires in flood zones were identified, and options for improving off-road vehicles for fire extinguishing were also proposed.

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