Number № 23

Makarova T.P.
Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The article reviews several studies confirming the release of toxic and fire hazardous compounds at the initial stage of thermal decomposition of some polymer materials used in construction. This article identifies the main problems arising in the study of the complex process of thermal destruction. The analysis of existing methods of thermal analysis was also carried out, allowing to study the products of thermal destruction of decoration building materials. The necessity of developing a method for assessing their fire hazardous properties is revealed.

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Anosova E.B.¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; Lyashenko S.M.¹, Ph.D. of Military Sciences, Docent; Fatykhov R.R.¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Tyutneva E.I.²; Surmilo S.V.³, Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences
¹ Civil Defence Academy of Emercom of Russia
²LLC «Concept tree»
³Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia

The woodworking industry is one of the most waste-forming, while these wastes are secondary wood resources, but at the same time they have a significant disadvantage: they belong to the group of combustibility flammable materials.

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Serzhinmaa A.A.¹, Shirinkin P.V.¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent, Korovchenko A.V.², Ahmetshin I.F.^2
1 Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia
²Forensic expert organization Federal Fire Service № 93 «fire testing laboratory» оf Emergencies of Russia

The article presents statistical data on the main indicators of the fire situation on the territory of the Russian Federation. Analyzed toxic products of combustion in a fire and the materials from which they are released, as well as their negative impact on the human body. The results of the study of soot deposits during the burnout of interior decoration and easily changeable furnishings (furniture, decoration materials) by the method of FTIR spectroscopy.

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Kalach A.V.^1,2, Holder of an Advanced Doctorate (Doctor of Science) in Chemical Sciences, Full Professor; Vytovtov A.V.¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences; Bryukhov E.N.², Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences; Kalach E.V.¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; Martinovich N.V.^3
1 Voronezh State Technical University
² Ural Institute of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia
³ Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The situational modeling method used to describe the development of fire-hazardous situations on the territory of preschool institutions in order to optimize evacuation routes. Particular attention paid to meeting the requirements of regulatory legal documents in the field of fire safety. The proposed approach opens up the possibility of effective joint modeling of the development of fires and evacuation of people from premises. Based on the results of computational experiments, recommendations given for changing the geometric parameters of the premises of the studied objects of protection for the prompt evacuation of people in case of fire.

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Abdulaev R.R.; Taratanov N.A., Ph.D. of Chemical Sciences; Karasev E.V.
Ivanovo Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

Reliable establishment of a set of factual data on the mechanism of the occurrence and development of gorenje is a necessary starting point for the qualification of the crime and the identification of the perpetrators. An official of a Forensic Expert Institution of the Federal Fire Service “Test Fire Laboratory” of the EMERCOM of Russia (FEI FFS TFL), when working out various versions of a fire, should not consider the version of the occurrence of a fire from heating, unfounded, relying only on his many years of experience and the theoretical possibility of what is happening. In this case, an employee or employee of the FEI FFS TFL must be based on more fundamental methods and techniques for determining the cause of the occurrence with the subsequent development and spread of the fire. This article discusses the possibility of using mathematical calculation methods for the purposes of forensic fire and technical expertise on the example of a specific fire that occurred in a part of a residential building.

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Kargashilov D.V.^1,2, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; Ivanova I.A.¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; Sushko E. A.¹, Ph.D. of Technical Sciences, Docent; Parshina A.P.^1
1 Voronezh State Technical University
² Voronezh institute of Advanced Training of Employees of the EMERCOM of Russia

The article presents algorithms for establishing the basic fire safety requirements for production and storage facilities and buildings, depending on their classification by explosion and fire hazard. One of the proposed algorithms was tested, namely, the task was solved to establish the basic fire safety requirements for the premises where it is planned to organize production. Variants of further application of the proposed algorithms in the practical work of organizations and specialists solving issues in the field of fire safety at the stage of design and operation of protected objects are considered.

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Dudareva V.I.¹; Chuvashova D.A.¹; Onuchina O.A.¹; Zakharenko A.A.¹; Shubin A.A.²; Ph.D. of Chemical Sciences, Docent
¹ Siberian Federal University
² Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy EMERCOM of Russia

The linear velocity of flame propagation over the surface of highly flammable liquids is one of the most important indicators of fire hazard. In this paper, vL was experimentally determined for aqueous solutions of acetone, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol. It is shown that with a decrease in the concentration of HFL in the solution, the vL decreases. A direct correlation was also established between the measured values of vL of acetone, 1-propanol and 2-propanol and their ignition temperatures.

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Efimov S.V.¹, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences, Docent; Sibirko M.A.², Ph.D. of Pedagogic Sciences
¹ Voronezh Institute of High Technologies
² Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of internal Affairs of the Russian Federation

The paper contains an analysis of the possibilities of using professionally significant qualities assessment based on the assessment center method in the course of training with the use of training complexes in the professional selection, adaptation and training of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of emergency situations of Russia. An algorithm for conducting an assessment center to assess the professional adaptation of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of emergency situations of Russia is proposed. It is shown that one of the most important directions of training cadets and trainees as gas and smoke protectors is the introduction of new training complexes and their active use in the educational process.

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